Open Access Archivangelism -- DOE: The Importance of Requiring Institutional Repository Deposit Immediately Upon Acceptance for Publication

"A peer-reviewed journal article is either accessible to all of its potential users or it is not accessible to all of its potential users (but only to those at subscribing institutions). Open Access (OA) is intended to make articles accessible (online) to all their potential users, not just to subscribers, sothat all potential users can read, use, apply and build upon the findings, not just subscribers. OA comes in two forms: Gratis OA means an article is accessible online to all its potential users. Libre OA means an article is accessible online to all its potential users and all users also have certain re-use rights, such as text-mining by machine, and re-publication. For individual researchers and for the general public the most important and urgent form of OA is Gratis OA. The reason Gratis OA is so important is that otherwise the research is inaccessible except to subscribers: OA maximizes research uptake, usage, applications, impact and progress. The reason Gratis OA is so urgent is that lost research access means lost research impact and progress. The downloads and citations of papers made OA later never catch up with those of papers made OA immediately ... The date when a peer-reviewed paper is ready to be made OA is the date when the final, peer-reviewed draft is accepted for pubication.  Sometimes there can be delays of months between the date of acceptance and the date of publication of the pubisher’s version of record (VOR).  And some (a minority) of publishers have imposed embargoes of up to 12 months from the date of publication before authors can make their articles OA.  The delay from acceptance to publication, and the delay from publication till the end of any OA embargo all add up tp lost research access, uptake, usage, applications and progress.  DOE and OSTI have been directed by OSTP to adopt a policy that ensures that OA is provided to federally funded research — by 12 months after the date of publication at the very latest.  This is not a mandate to adopt a policy that ensures that OA is provided 'at the very latest possible date.'  Yet that is what DOE has done — no doubt under the influence of the publishing industry lobby.  The interests of research and researchers -- and hence of the public that funds the research -- are that the research should be made OA as soon as possible.  The interests of (some of) the publishing industry are that it should be made OA as late as possible.  The DOE has adopted a policy that serves the interests of the publishing industry rather than those of research, researchers and the tax-paying public.  This is why DOE policy has been so warmly welcomed by the Association of American Publishers (AAP) as well as CHORUS (a publisher consortium expressly created to try to keep access-provision and the timing of compliance with open access mandates under the control of publishers rather than fundees and their institutions).  The simplest remedy for this is not necessarily that the permissible OA embargo length needs to be reduced (though that would be extremely welcome and beneficial too!).   Even within the constraints of a permissible OA embargo of 12 months at the very latest, there is a