Public access is not equal access

"The American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS, the publisher of Science and the Science family of journals) strongly supports this guidance....

As a scientific membership society, AAAS seeks the best path forward for the enterprise it serves. We are actively seeking to balance the tensions between equitable access for readers and equitable access to publishing. As such, Science is made available through progressively priced licenses whereby larger, more research-intensive institutions pay more. We will soon provide immediate public access to all taxpayer-funded research through a policy called “green OA-zero day,” which allows Science authors to post their “author accepted manuscript” (a fully peer-reviewed and revised version), without delay or incurring additional fees, in a public repository of their choice. This approach allows immediate public access without requiring authors to pay a publication charge, while maintaining the ability of Science to fulfill its mission of communicating groundbreaking research discoveries and illuminating the impact of research on society...."