Toponymy
R-bloggers 2025-11-24
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Day 24 of 30DayMapChallenge: « Places and their names » (previously).
BDTOPO is the most detailed topographic GIS database for France, made by IGN under a free licence. It includes names. It’s massive (40 GB) so take a break while downloading…
Config
library(sf)library(ggplot2)library(glue)library(ggspatial)library(dplyr)library(stringr)library(purrr)library(httr)
Data
Basemap
# See https://r.iresmi.net/posts/2021/simplifying_polygons_layers/dep <- read_sf("~/data/adminexpress/adminexpress-cog-simpl-000-2024.gpkg", layer = "departement") |> filter(insee_dep < "971")Download and extract
url_bdtopo <- glue("https://data.geopf.fr/telechargement/download/BDTOPO/\\ BDTOPO_3-5_TOUSTHEMES_GPKG_WGS84G_FRA_2025-09-15/\\ BDTOPO_3-5_TOUSTHEMES_GPKG_WGS84G_FRA_2025-09-15.7z.0")glue("{url_bdtopo}{sprintf('%02i', 1:10)}") |> walk(\(x) RETRY("GET", x, write_disk(basename(x), overwrite = TRUE)), .progress = TRUE)system("7z e BDTOPO_3-5_TOUSTHEMES_GPKG_WGS84G_FRA_2025-09-15.7z.001 -r toponymie.gpkg")Get suffix
More information (in french)
toponymy <- read_sf("toponymie.gpkg", query = r"[ SELECT * FROM toponymie WHERE classe_de_l_objet IN ("Lieu-dit non habité", "Zone d'habitation") ]") |> st_filter(dep)suffix <- toponymy |> mutate(suffix = case_when( str_detect(graphie_du_toponyme, "ac$") ~ "-acum → -ac", str_detect(graphie_du_toponyme, "(ey|ay)$") ~ "-acum → -ey -ay", str_detect(graphie_du_toponyme, "illy$") ~ "-acum → -illy", str_detect(graphie_du_toponyme, "at$") ~ "-acum → -at")) |> filter(!is.na(suffix)) Map
suffix |> bind_cols(st_coordinates(suffix)) |> ggplot() + geom_sf(data = dep) + geom_sf(aes(color = suffix), size = .1, alpha = .2) + facet_wrap(~ suffix, ncol = 1) + coord_sf() + labs(title = "French localities suffix", subtitle = "from gallo-roman -acum", caption = glue("data: IGN BDTOPO 2025 https://r.iresmi.net - {Sys.Date()}")) + theme_void() + theme(plot.caption = element_text(size = 7, color = "grey40"), plot.margin = unit(c(.2, .2, .2, .2), units = "cm"), legend.position = "none")
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