Wealth boundaries

library(sf)library(glue)library(janitor)library(dplyr)library(readxl)library(mapsf)library(ggplot2)library(ggspatial)library(rnaturalearth)

# NUTS 2# https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/gisco/geodata/statistical-units/territorial-units-statisticsnuts <- read_sf("NUTS_RG_60M_2024_3035.gpkg") |>   clean_names() |>   filter(levl_code == 2)# GDP# https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/nama_10r_2gdp__custom_19106190/default/table#   Euro per inhabitant / Display settings : codesgdp <- read_xlsx("nama_10r_2gdp__custom_19106190_spreadsheet.xlsx",                  skip = 8,                 sheet = "Sheet 1",                  col_types = c("text", "text", "numeric", "text"),                 .name_repair = make_clean_names) |>   rename(gdp_cap = x)# From Natural Earthworld <- ne_countries(scale = 110) |>   st_transform("EPSG:3035")non_europe <- world |>   st_filter(nuts |>               st_point_on_surface() |>               st_union(), .predicate = st_disjoint) # Add GDP data to the geomgdp_nuts <- nuts |>   left_join(gdp,             join_by(nuts_id == geo_codes)) |>   select(nuts_id, nuts_name, gdp_cap)# find borders and compute sides differencenuts_contig <- mf_get_borders(gdp_nuts) |>   mutate(diff = abs(gdp_cap.1 - gdp_cap))

gdp_nuts |>   ggplot() +  geom_sf(data = non_europe, color = "grey", fill = "white") +  geom_sf(aes(fill = gdp_cap / 1000)) +  geom_sf(data = filter(nuts_contig, diff > 10000),           aes(linewidth = diff / 1000),          color = "red", lineend = "round") +  scale_linewidth_binned(breaks = c(10, 25, 50, 75),                         range = c(0.1, 3),                         transform = "log") +  scale_fill_viridis_c(na.value = "#dddddd") +  annotation_scale(height = unit(1, "mm"),                    text_col = "darkgrey", line_col = "grey",                    bar_cols = c("white", "grey")) +  coord_sf(xlim = c(2500000, 7350000),           ylim = c(1450000, 5350000)) +  labs(title = "Gross domestic product boundaries",       subtitle = glue("GDP in Europe"),       fill = "GDP/capita\n(k€)",       linewidth = "GDP/capita\ndifference (k€)",       caption = glue("data: Eurostat, Natural Earth                      https://r.iresmi.net - {Sys.Date()}")) +  theme_void() +  theme(plot.caption = element_text(size = 7, color = "grey40"),        plot.margin = unit(c(.2, .2, .2, .2), units = "cm"),                legend.position = "bottom")

Figure 1: Still borders in Europe: wealth is not distributed equally