AT&T Free Msg: You know you shouldn't click ... so we did it for you!

CyberCrime & Doing Time 2021-09-18

If you live in the United States and have an AT&T phone, you are almost certainly receiving SMS messages that look something like this: AT&T Free Msg: August bill is paid. Thanks, MARY! Here's a little gift for you: n9cxr[.]info/dhmxmcmBTQ (from +1 (718) 710-0863)

AT&T Free Msg: August bill processed. Thanks, Mary! Here's a little something for you: l4bsn[.]info/C2Lx3oggFi (from +1 (332) 220-7291)

AT&T Free Msg: Latest bill is paid. Thanks, Fedencia! Here's a little freebie for you: k5amw[.]info/VloTBdytEl (from +1 (870) 663-5472)

AT&T has sort of trained us that it's cool to get messages from them with links in them. Every time your bill is available, or paid, or has a new charge, you get a text message from them that starts with "AT&T Free Msg:" and ends with a link such as "att.com/myattapp" or "att.com/myViewBill."

This is where some independent amateur researchers make a mistake. If you visit the URL in the first message from your Windows computer, you are automagically forwarded to Google.

That's what's happening in the background. My web browser (in red) tells the server, hey look! I want this page dhmxmcmBTQ and btw, here's my user agent. n9cxr[.]info replies, "Never heard of it - why don't you go to Google instead." by sending a "302 redirect."

If you had clicked on that same message from your phone, you would NOT be sent to Google. That's because the web server is checking to see if you are asking for the information from a phone or from a computer. Because they know they only sent their spam via "SMS-blasting" they believe that every legitimate potential victim should be coming from a phone. Since I don't have a great set of rich monitoring tools on my phone, I'll just tell my Virtual Machine's Chrome instance that it should lie when it visits web servers and pretend to be an iPhone. I'm being a bit lazy here and using another Chrome Plug-in, this one called "User Agent Changer," which gives me a menu like this:

Once I change my Chrome Virtual Machine to pretend to be "Safari on iPhone" we revisit the URL that was sent to my phone:

Notice on line 5 that where it previously said I was "Windows NT 10" it nows says I am "(iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 9_2 like Mac OS X)." (Which is super out-of-date, but apparently good enough for this criminal's scheme, because now I get this!

We've written several times in the past about these never-ending surveys. Their objective is to gather as much personal data from you as they can and to show you as many advertisements as they can. They then experience revenue by both showing you ads during the survey, but also by selling the personal information that they gather you to organizations that need "qualified sales leads." They will tell those organizations that you are looking for things like savings on college tuition, health insurance, car insurance, electronics, a new vehicle, etc, and you will start getting more spam messages from those organizations who will have believed that you asked for their spam!

We asked our friends at Zetalytics, via their Zone Cruncher tool, "So where in the world is the IP address n9cxr[.]info?" They told us that it is located in Hong Kong on a server that is hosted by Alibaba Inc.

That's very interesting! Thanks, Zetalytics! Could you also tell us OTHER DOMAIN NAMES that have recently been seen on that same IP address? After all, we've received three such domains in the three messages that I received on my personal phone!

All of those domains are of course registered at the scummy domain registrar NameCheap. They claim that if we inform them of bad domains, they will de-register them. Once I post this, I'll send them a copy and report back what happens.

By the way, the content is not exactly the same with each visit. My next visit to the n9cxr URL gave me this pop-up instead:

So how are we getting to the fake AT&T page? That's where a tool that CAUCE Director Neil Schwartman showed me comes in. While I don't recommend the company necessarily, this little Chrome plug-in is gold for mapping out redirect paths! (Search for the Chrome Extension "Ayima Redirect Path" and please remember you should only be reviewing potentially hostile URLs in a Virtual Machine!)

What does all that mean? It tells us that the first URL's webserver claimed that the page we were looking for "dhmxmcmBTQ" had been temporarily redirected to "themechallenge[.]club" and that we should ask that server for a particular "key."

That key caused the server to send us a Javascript that redirected us to another URL on their website, which in turn did a "META Redirect" to the webserver "go.metreysi[.]info" where we should tell them we were sent by a certain "cnv_id." That server then pretended that we had clicked on it, and sent us via another "302 temporary redirect" to a webserver called "redirect.usersupport[.]net." UserSupport then did yet another redirect which took us to the webside "att.usersupport[.]net."

More domains to look up in ZoneCruncher!

https://themechallenge[.]club/click.php?key=abrrkduwznt79g18cx66

go.metreysi[.]info => hosted on LeaseWeb at 23.108.57[.]187 redirect.usersupport[.]net => hosted on 2606:4700:3032::6815:2b25

att.usersupport[.]net => hosted on 2606:4700:3031::ac43:da02

I'm guessing that all of these other "go" sites that are sharing the same IP address will also be involved in illegal "redirection" scams that start off with SMS Blasting.

By the way, do you remember the "key" we had to pass? In a similar way to our User-Agent, if you visit one of these sites and fail to pass it a "key" it will just redirect you to 127.0.0.1, which means, "visit your own machine."

Not just AT&T!

One of Zetalytics other tricks is being able to show me other hostnames on the same domain. (The term for this is called "PassiveDNS")

It looks like "UserSupport[.]net" is also being used to imitate TikTok, CostCo, Walmart, and Google, shipping company UPS, FedEx, and US Postal Service, and Cell phone providers, AT&T, Comcast, Spectrum, T-Mobile, and Verizon!

Because I haven't received those particular SMS messages, I can't navigate to them. (I have the wrong "key" to get the chain started.) But I'd love to see some more of these if you would be willing to share a screenshot! List of SMS-spam-abusing .info (and .xyz) domains believed to be associated with these campaigns. It sort of makes sense that there are exactly 100 of them.

1find[.]info

1fwnx[.]info

1nvc[.]info

2edcc[.]info

2gtex[.]info

2ofgm[.]info

3mgie[.]info

3ohmd[.]info

4gogm[.]info

4onnr[.]info

6ghme[.]info

6nbfu[.]info

6omrf[.]info

6wqbv[.]info

7botm[.]info

7gboe[.]info

7uwhn[.]info

7wxcd[.]info

8bmxw[.]info

9bmdx[.]info

a2sct[.]info

a7tev[.]info

appsc[.]info

appsf[.]info

bjdz2[.]xyz

bmeq9[.]info

bookc[.]info

bookx[.]info

cartm[.]info

cartz[.]info

faceg[.]info

faceh[.]info

facem[.]info

faceu[.]info

facey[.]info

fuwd2[.]info

gg0l[.]info

gi3t[.]info

gitn4[.]info

goen4[.]info

gotr6[.]info

gr8f[.]info

havec[.]info

havej[.]info

havew[.]info

hidej[.]info

hidem[.]info

hidep[.]info

j1bcs[.]info

j2bmf[.]info

k2ave[.]info

k4acr[.]info

k8bvz[.]info

kpl5[.]info

kpp8[.]info

kse0[.]info

ktf4[.]info

l1bmz[.]info

l5brv[.]info

lgte3[.]info

m2cxn[.]info

m6cda[.]info

mbdz2[.]xyz

mqbvn[.]info

n4csv[.]info

n9cxr[.]info

nameb[.]info

pexw0[.]xyz

qkkk2[.]xyz

raini[.]info

rainl[.]info

rainz[.]info

s1vrk[.]info

s2avr[.]info

s4asc[.]info

s6axe[.]info

s7axm[.]info

s8avx[.]info

toer9[.]info

vbjh9[.]xyz

wodm7[.]info

wordc[.]info

wosn9[.]info