Updated perspectives on visceral pleural invasion in non-small cell lung cancer: A propensity score-matched analysis of the SEER database

CONCLUSION: These data support the viewpoint that staging patients with tumor ≤ 30 mm and PL1 as T1. Those with 31-50 mm tumors and PL2, exhibiting a similar poor prognosis to patients with T3 and PL0, warrant a T3 classification. Apart from optimizing the TNM staging system, machine learning could also play a significant role in prognostic prediction.