Overarching view of trends and disparities in malignant neoplasm of the ovary between 1999-2023: a comprehensive CDC WONDER database study

Front Oncol. 2025 Nov 4;15:1691932. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2025.1691932. eCollection 2025.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer contributes significantly to the morbidity and mortality rates for women worldwide. As observed with other types of cancer, health disparities disproportionately affect ovarian cancer incidence rates and outcomes, especially in African American and older women. However, the trends in ovarian cancer mortality rates up until 2023 with regard to various demographic identifiers have not been fully elucidated, which this study aims to rectify.

METHODS: Mortality trends due to malignant neoplasms of the ovary in individuals 25 and older in the US from 1999 to 2023 were analyzed using the Centers for Disease Control Wide Ranging Online Data for Epidemiological Research (CDC WONDER) database. Trends in age-adjusted mortality rate (AAMR) were analyzed on the basis of race, 10-year age-group, region and urban/rural designation.

RESULTS: Between 1999 and 2023, the AAMR related to malignant neoplasms of the ovary fell from 14.62 in 1999 to 9.52 in 2023. All races analyzed saw a decrease in overall mortality related to malignant neoplasms of the ovary, with the largest decrease being observed in White patients (AAPC: -1.78). Regionally, the Northeast (AAPC: -1.95), Midwest (AAPC: -1.99), South (AAPC: -1.72), and West (AAPC: -1.73) regions of the United States (US) all saw reduced ovarian neoplasm mortality rates. Similarly, rates also decreased in urban (AAPC: -1.83) and rural (AAPC: -1.75) localities, as well as in each ten-year age category analyzed, with the largest decrease seen in the 55-64 years old category (AAPC: -2.15). States such as Delaware, South Carolina, and Idaho experienced some of the largest decreases in AAMR, whereas the District of Columbia saw an increase in AAMR during this period.

CONCLUSIONS: Over the last twenty-years, mortality rates for malignant neoplasms of the ovary have declined, with the largest decreases being seen in White patients, those residing in the Midwest, urban locality, and women between 55-64 years olds. While mortality rates have declined, health disparities still continue to negatively affect ovarian cancer outcomes, and more research is needed to improve accessibility, availability, and affordability of care for patients.

PMID:41262903 | PMC:PMC12623196 | DOI:10.3389/fonc.2025.1691932