Large Language Model-Generated Dietary Metabolite Biomarker Database Drives Deep Annotation of the Human Diet Metabolome

The annotation of dietary biomarkers is crucial for nutritional epidemiology. While untargeted liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) is a powerful analytical approach, the annotation of dietary biomarkers is hampered by the low specificity of existing public databases, which limits annotation coverage and accuracy. To address this limitation, we developed a novel database construction strategy and a dual-annotation workflow. We first employed an automated, large...