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Peptic Ulcer Disease (Stomach Ulcer) Written by Dr. Myasar Alghsin, Consultant Gastroenterologist – Dubai

A stomach ulcer, medically known as a gastric ulcer, is an open sore that develops on the inner lining of the stomach. It occurs when the natural protective layer of the stomach is damaged, allowing stomach acid to irritate and injure the tissue.

What causes stomach ulcers?

The most common causes include:

• Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection

• Frequent use of painkillers such as aspirin or NSAIDs (ibuprofen, diclofenac)

• Excess stomach acid

• Smoking and chronic stress (as contributing factors)

Common symptoms

Stomach ulcers do not always cause symptoms, but when they do, patients may experience:

• Burning or gnawing pain in the upper abdomen

• Pain that worsens after eating

• Nausea or bloating

• Loss of appetite

• In severe cases: vomiting blood or black stools (medical emergency)

How is a stomach ulcer diagnosed?

Diagnosis is usually made through:

• Upper endoscopy (gastroscopy) – the most accurate method

• Testing for H. pylori (breath, stool, or biopsy tests)

Early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications such as bleeding or perforation.

Treatment options

Treatment depends on the cause but often includes:

• Acid-reducing medications (PPIs)

• Antibiotics if H. pylori is present

• Stopping or adjusting painkiller use

• Lifestyle modifications such as quitting smoking

With proper treatment, most stomach ulcers heal completely.

When should you see a gastroenterologist?

You should seek medical advice if:

• Pain persists or worsens

• Symptoms return after treatment

• You have anemia, weight loss, or bleeding symptoms

Final note

Stomach ulcers are a treatable condition, but ignoring symptoms can lead to serious complications. Accurate diagnosis and evidence-based treatment are the key to full recovery.

If you suffer from persistent stomach pain or digestive symptoms, consult a specialist early.

Dr. Myasar Alghsin Consultant Gastroenterologist – Dubai